Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. It's a leading noncommunicable disease affecting both children and adults, and it's the most common chronic condition among children. While the exact causes are unknown, asthma is often triggered by environmental factors, infections, and genetic predispositions. Effective management involves medication to reduce inflammation and open airways, as well as avoiding known triggers.